XII CONGRESS OF HISTORY OF PEOPLES OF THE PCIA. DE BUENOS AIRES. CAPTAIN
RUFINO SOLANO: ITS ACTION, THE ORIGINS OF BLUE and Olavarria
.- INTRODUCTION: This is the story of a very particular military, Captain Rufino Solano, remembered as "The diplomat of the Pampas," who for many years displayed unmatched actions for peace, freedom and life in the so-called "frontier desert ", since the mid-nineteenth century. Through these actions, demonstrating a proverbial deal with the Aboriginal redeem personally got hundreds of women, children and other prisoners, on both sides, driven by a remarkable and special consideration to gender, embodied in the figure lacerated captive. Also stand out among its actions, the bloody clashes have been avoided through prodigious offices of mediator, agreeing numerous peace agreements and exchanges of prisoners with the highest indigenous leaders, as Calfucurá, Namuncurá, Catriel, Pincén, among many others. Beyond the humane and moral individuals who was endowed with the military, were remarkable his vast knowledge of local guide and tracker and its ability to communicate with the language and soul of the indigenous, those qualities that had been acquired since birth by be a member of a family founded the city of Azul, the strategic location where he settled his family and the roles played by his father Dionisio Solano in the region.
FOUNDING FAMILY AND PEOPLE: To understand the emergence of the figure of Captain Rufino Solano is essential to link the figure with the family where this came from and its activity in the region, his father was Dionisio Solano, founder of the city Blue, who was born in the year 1776, in Buenos Aires, was the son of Peter and Martina Solano Pabon, was the only son and had six sisters which were: Martina Solano married to Jose Santiago Enriquez, Paula Solano, married to Antonio Pavón, Josefa Solano, married to Ignacio Alfaro; Pascuala Solano, married to John Berois; Petrona Stephanie Solano, Pedro Benitez and married Dominga Solano, married Pascual Olivera. Solano had been
Dionisio invasions English warrior, as an officer of the Regiment of Patricia and National Independence with General Manuel Belgrano obtaining the rank of Lieutenant. Later, we find Dionisio Solano, between 1824 and 1827, signing with a group of residents of Slaughter, Peach, Wolves and Navarro, a document that presents Nicholas Anchorena Congress opposing the proposed division of the territory of the Province of Buenos Aires during the presidency of Bernardino Rivadavia, which ultimately did not become law. Participated in the Federal Army in Navarro, in 1828, where execution of Colonel Manuel Dorrego, where he was wounded and ailing for some time in that fight was his baptism of fire Pedro Rosas and Belgrano, the illegitimate son of the General Belgrano.
Finally, Dionisio Solano in 1832 arrives at Blue Creek, leading the caravan founder of the town of the same name and was immediately selected to perform the duties of Mayor Bed for the "upstream." The official part of the Blue magistrate described as follows: "Mayor, Federal net, a native of Buenos Aires, could read and write, exercise rancher, not too little capital, which consisted in cattle, sheep and horses . He served in the federal army in Navarro. He became ill later and was so long. He made the desert campaign, excellent conduct ", these parties were signed by the Justices of the Peace consecutive Azul, Antonio and Manuel Capdevila and by the said Pedro Rosas and Belgrano, all issued at Fort Blue.
After participating in the Desert Campaign of Juan Manuel de Rosas in 1833, as a function inherent in his office, Dionisio Solano was part of the Regulatory Commission of Strong Capital Blu, thereby making effective the law on direct taxes enacted in 1821 and implemented by Juan Manuel de Rosas by another law enacted on April 12, 1839, in his art. 5, directs that the tax collection task should be carried out by the various justices of the peace of the province, it is the history of current and contentious "Withholding the Field." Thus we find the following letter is reproduced verbatim: "Long live the Federal and Death to the Unitarian .- Capital Regulatory Commission of Fort Blue Party - Party denim August 9, 1839 livertad year 30 of the 24 th and 10 Indep Confederation of Argentina .- In accordance with the provisions of Act 12 of this year has governed the capital of the merchant Dn. Antonio Garcia in the amount of three thousand five hundred dollars in commercial business, as you heard in court twenty-eight dollars quota share that made by regulation - Manuel Capdevila Justice of the Peace - Ramón Rocha Mayor - Mayor Manuel de los Santos - Simeon Olivares Mayor - Mayor Dionisio Solano. "
In compliance with these functions and as a result of the decree of the year 1829 Viamonte Solano Dionisio and his wife Albina Marquez and other members of his family were granted residence lots that were located in the current game and for that Olavarria circumstances contained in the Census and Livestock Owners of the Blue Frontier Arroyo in July 1839. In this same census also listed Solano Dionisio registered in fielded Ranches acquired prior to the founding of Blue and before that decree (1827-1836), as recorded in the Archives of Geodesy of the Province of Buenos Aires and others.
Over the years the Solano family occupied the same territory where they were seated Catriel tribes, near the Sierra Chica (see map of luck Blue Creek residence of Sergeant John Cornell of the year 1859), living with their members and supporting and encouraging the peaceful exchange with the Indians agreed by Juan Manuel de Rosas and other mutual protection pacts concluded. The latter were to prevent attacks that were often victims of local people, including of course Dionisio Solano and his family. As testimony to this, a document is reproduced verbatim the year 1845, which states: "Strong Blue Dic.11.1845." The Peace and Com Juesas Accid. From the day the Indian Cotte Ranquí enemy populations stolen saws immediate Tapalqué some herds of mares to residents of this party. "To Mr I aide SE: Manuel Corvalan: The undersigned has the honor of addressing Your Excellency, informing him that day at dawn 8 forward motion as the Indian renquí fifty Indians, the first settlements there Tapalque acia saws, stealing some neighboring herds of Dn. Fco Maldonado, Don Dionicio Solano, Antonio Navas, Don Galo Setonio and a "position of General Don Prudencio Rosas. The undersigned immediately so he had received notice the First Squadron Divicion his command and moved within two hours under the command of Don Ventura Miñana, Colonel, in pursuit of the Indians has not been possible robbers catch them under the hasty flight that made the little farm Cavallo herded. Mr. Cor. Don Santiago Villamaior graduate and Mr, Tente Cor. Don Bernardo Echeverria (commander Tapalqué Old Canton) and Mayor Casique Catri, warned the undersigned in the act, sending Mr. Cor. Villamaior a game built to Casiquillo Curuequé to follow closely the Renquí Wait a hundred Indians who until now has not returned from the persecution to which it is successful if it has U immediately informs. The signing of provisions let a party of fifty men in charge of an officer near the mountains so that roam the field from injury precaution Everything you see will be placed on the superior knowledge of HE Don Juan Manuel de Rosas. God bless U. as ms. Signed: Pedro Rosas and Belgrano. This document denounces the peaceful coexistence, mutual protection of the area and also the locations of the Solano family.
regard to the activity exerted by Mayor Dionisio Solano since the dawn of the Blue City, is known the letter from Justice of the Peace Don Manuel Guerrico Tandil addressed to his counterpart of Fort Blue, José Antonio Capdevila, given the existence of a herd, for fear of danger, had been abandoned by the manager of the stay that had Guerrico in Blue: "VIVA LA FEDERATION! Tandil, July 16, 1837 .-- The Lord D. José Antonio Capdevila, Magistrate and Commander of Fort Blue: - My dear friend D. José Antonio Capdevila: I answer the two estimates of 8 and 12 of this that I have received with pleasure ... A Solano to do what it believes appropriate to my farm in Blue, my mind was not balk line, but if the charge of looking after Estancia (the Guerrico) are not encouraged to stop it, it is fair to take Don Dionisio some extent, and the best think that I proposed to repair the property and not leave them out. I believe nothing happens: I have answered his letters stopped, only remains for me to send her an .... Signed: Manuel J. Guerrico. "It is clear that the functions was to take measures to maintain order and security in their domains, which was the countryside where danger constantly lurking.
Similarly, 10 years earlier letter, he acted before the Magistrate's Court next record that time a transport wagon, which could read: "Deep Blue, June 30, 1848 ... Ratio individuals who have carts in the Party and have been passed the Patent luck ... Dionicio Solano, have 1 castle, takes no patent be Mayor. "
That, also over 10 years later the data from the earlier document, the "Party Plane and Arroyo Azul" of Sgt. Mayor J. Cornell (1859), we can observe the location of several family members Solano, in luck identified with No. 296: Dionicio Solano, identified as No. 297: Alvina Marques, indicated with the N ° 48: Balentine Solano and designated as No. 303: the Lorenzo Solano (Abridged).
This territory, near the present Olavarria, was so identified by the Solano family that fought contest between the National Army General Manuel Horn against the Indians, won by the first, February 13, 1856, he has been officially named: Solano Battle Fields. Dionisio
Solano until the last days of his long life he remained claiming their land, who owned for over fifty years, even before the Supreme Court of the Province of Buenos Aires, without success. Similarly have claimed several of his children (Valentine, Rufino, Lorenzo)
The Village Plano Olavarria, prepared by surveyor John F. Czetz in 1868 a copy of No. 1 has been prepared by the surveyor Carlos Glade and lies in the Archives of Olavarria, one can see that the place identified with No. 128 which corresponds to Rufino Solano also plot No. 88 was registered Cecilio name of Chamorro, married to Mercedes Solano, one of the daughters of Dionysus and Albino Solano Márquez.
On 18 September 1869 Solano family was enumerated in the urban area of \u200b\u200bBlue and there we found that Solano Dionisio had Albina Marques 92 and 56, children 8 years Desiderio Solano, Solano Just 20 years 32 years Rufino Solano and Pedro Solano 26, the latter was counted in the Campaign Blue Party in the rural area and their job was to shepherd. For its part, the September 15, 1869, was another son of Dionisio census, Valentin Solano in Barracks No. 3 Blue, which corresponded to the rural area, accusing 55, farmer.
Solano Dionysius also had other children who were Nicanor Antonio Solano, Solano Fair, Lorenzo Solano married Carmen Quiroga, Pedro Pascual de Solano, Felix Solano, Solano Angela married to Thomas Morón, Idelfonsa (Alifonso) Solano married Felipe Cruz, Solano Mercedes married to Cecilia Chamorro, as already mentioned. A total of 12 children.
in the same census also can be placed into one of the sisters of Dionisio, Paula Solano married to Antonio Pavón in Cacharí, allcon previous four generations living together and charging 95 and 99 years old, respectively.
Finally, Dionisio Solano died in the City of Blue to 106 years in 1882, after receiving the decision rejecting the deeds of their lands, which struggled for almost half a century. Two years before his death, the Argentine Army was recognized at an age of 104 years, the rank of lieutenant colonel. His death in Argentina made news in the old world, being published in Spain by the newspaper La Vanguardia in Barcelona, \u200b\u200bmarking it as "one of the first settlers of the territory bordering the Pampa (sic)." CAPTAIN ACTION
RUFINO SOLANO: see the master Rufino Solano arrived at Riviera in a military expedition, was a native of there five years after its founding. Here, in the place he spent his childhood and youth with his large family in a rural area and some distance from the incipient town.
In that region was settled the tribe of Chief John Catriel, among whose family was his son Cipriano Catriel, who Rufino Solano had a few days apart, both born in the same year, Juan José Catriel was two years older than them.
The daily contact between the two civilizations was as Rufino Solano learned to speak the indigenous language, track and field, to tame "the Indian", to guide in the immensity of the pampas, to make spears and bolas, and endless of things that did assimilate that indigenous population, but the most fundamental of all was to be able to deeply understand the idiosyncrasies of the Indian.
In this environment and under these conditions of life, Rufino Solano grew and became man, so that not only learned the native language, to "linguist", of which there were several, the big difference between them was that Rufino also became "Almaraz" because he also knew perfectly portray the soul and the feelings of the Indians pehuenches (Catriel), plus many of them were his close friends.
Similarly, Cipriano Catriel, who then inherited the chiefdom after his father knew the peculiarities of Christians and a perfect command of the "language Huinca" but often do assisted by interpreters, it was for questions only "protocol." For this reason, it was curious that this chief was kept as close to the Christians, as is well known in history.
This peaceful coexistence was long and be of such magnitude that the Catriel were also active in the protection and defense mechanisms of the villages and fields, as expressed and exemplified above. Indeed, numerous official reports detailing the functions of custody, pursuit and capture against members of other tribes and gangs huincas alien, who used to loot and abuse in the region. Security was a common theme and so was expressly stated in the peace agreements that have survived to this day.
for decades lived and protected the common danger each heading representing Araucanian (Mapuche) coming from the west side of the ridge.
With this background and in that sphere in which he lived, the young Rufino Solano joined the army at the age of 18, as a private. From that age and till 1880 served in the so-called "Border desert "displaying a role can be viewed as unique in the history of Argentina. In his service could meet and talk personally to the most highest authorities of the Government, such as Justo José de Urquiza, Domingo F. Sarmiento Nicolás Avellaneda, Bartolomé Mitre, Marcos Paz, Adolfo Alsina, Martin de Gainza and at the end of his career, General Julio A. Roca.
There are dozens of letters that have come down to us, which belie her important work carried out by Captain Rufino Solano, not only in their role to rescue captives, but also its influence on the success of the agreements concluded with top Indian leaders. In addition to trust their superiors to dispense. Following is a letter by General Ignacio Martín de Gainza Rivas, Minister of War and Navy of the Nation: Blue, November 4 / 72, Minister of War and Navy, Colonel Don Martin de Gainza, "My dear Mr . Minister and friend, "For the most I have received your dear Fog from 21 last. Has finally reached the Captain Solano Shade Calfucurá to seven captives that he sends me, the list of Nominal Inspection control. Solano tells me that speaks quite well Calfucurá pampa, older children and their principal chiefs are well disposed for peace, and assures me that Calfucurá Solano and their Indians have not had any part in recent invasions, all of which have been practiced by Pincén and accompanying. For the letters you attached Calfucurá / / soon and cheaper? For all these points need the Minister to answer me as soon as possible to have a fixed starting point in my arrangements. I would attach a letter I received today from Lagos-Commander and copy of the answer I give and I think it is desirable that the Minister will give the order to keep moving. Because in these circumstances would come to spoil everything and by the same letter of Lagos see that you totally on the state error Indians. I ask the Minister that after tax of all attachments? to supply them to me to answer .- Between the lines = "Caru" worth "I take this opportunity to repeat SSS Ya? I. RIVAS.
the same tenor and importance is another that soon after Rivas General Gaines sent to the Minister, because Solano had departed on 23 November 1972 being treated to sign the chief Calfucurá, along with rations and some gifts . A date had not returned and wrote the following letter to the Minister of Gainza: Blue, January 5, 1873 His Excellency. Mr. Minister, Minister Colonel Don Martin de Gainza Dear Mr. Minister, I received your 31, pp letter ... I'm also eager to return to Captain Solano, for which the resolution of our friend The publication of the notes on border will not be doubted that light, the truth will break through in spite of yes ESPON. The note of the suspension of Amaya still have not received, however proceed in accordance leaving him, finding established the cause of this resolution. The authority asked for, is to enlist Lieutenant Don Manuel Espindola, being an officer for his qualities as for the border service. Today I sent to the Inspectorate of official parties, in which light realize invasions that have taken place, which fortunately has been beaten and chastened, and I congratulate Mr., Minister for such results and in view of the year 73 entered so auspiciously. At one point referring to British settlers Willow Grande, who have behaved splendidly, with neighbors on the border and much would be gained and the howl of the savage would not produce the effect of having to ... another kind of ... he fled home, leaving entire families, looking at the flight a salvation that does not always get such the government deserve consideration Bahia Blanca in need of horses, and being convenient and suitable to be allocated? to the border of that item, ask Mr. Minister please email? authorization to send discounts ... south coast. I'll make a request to the Minister, I hope that ... you need to supply access. Such is that he may allot the meager sum of five hundred dollars a month to care for military patients are continuously in this fist of my escort, the Peden not look with indifference at the sight bedridden I feel the need to spending my own money to me ... At this point doctors and it is essential to pay particular care would otherwise be necessary to send to ... ... .. White sick to the Minister understands that this is not possible. The results of the pastors of Indian raids we see ... ...., what should be the point at which they are located uncivil forces "because if these were immediate, it is plausible that the populations had not been achieved and the results, must be given more power to the action than in theory. No more for today, whenever his affectionate and SS - I Rivas P. SIGNED For the Minister is claiming more than the need to strengthen Delhi find attached a letter from Major Winter for the imposition of especially the part about there. The attention of the Minister on what the commander said over the past Winter the first sent by the provincial government Vale. Rivas writes another letter to Colonel Gaines in where he expresses it is very uneasy about the delay of Captain Solano, for more than forty-odd days left blue and has no notice of him. Solano finally arrives, after two months of absence. Part of this military strategy are sometimes weeks in tolderías awaiting the right moment to achieve its objective, which was the successful rescue of people on this occasion, he returned with twelve captives. We learn that General Rivas rewrites the Minister dated 24 January 1873 giving the news. Rufino
Solano Estomba acted strong, Blanca Arroyo Grande and Blue, among many others, and military performance is considered one of the framers of the foundations of cities in Olavarria, San Carlos de Bolivar, where he had to serve. Captain Rufino Solano
acted under the command of warlords such as Ignacio Rivas, Benito Machado, Francisco Elias, Alvaro Barros, among others, also done under direct orders from Adolfo Alsina, Martin de Gainza, Marcos Paz and higher political figures of the country.
We see that the action of Captain Rufino Solano in saving lives was continued because of the earlier mission told another letter found among military commanders that General Ignacio Rivas tells Don Coronel Hilario Lagos on 03 November 1872, Leyría Commander had informed him that his position was the captain bringing captive Solano, also of the Cacique toldería Calfucurá. These rescue operations were repeated dozens of times during his service, managed to save hundreds of captives and children born in captivity. In the field
church, was also the military link with the Archdiocese of Buenos Aires, in the figure of Archbishop Federico León Aneiros, called "The Father of the Indians." This last task took him to act closely with Father Jorge María Salvaire, mentor and founder of the Great Basilica Our Lady of Luján.
To realize the recovery, the exchange of prisoners and reach peace agreements on the roofs of Calfucurá, Namuncurá and other chiefs who were in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Blue, Captain Rufino Solano approached them with absolute serenity, showed no fear or weakness, but acted with great respect and loyalty, always complying with their word, to make these talks they spoke in their own language. With these attitudes transparent managed to save countless people captive.
For the year 1873, at a crowded event, was delivered in the city of Rosario, province of Santa Fe, a gold medal award for his services in rescuing prisoners and captives residents in that city. This mission, carried out with absolute success, had been commissioned by The Benevolent Society and the Beautiful Rescue Committee, both of Rosario. In that event also gave him a scroll of gratitude which states: "Rosario, August 5, 1873. Captain Don Rufino Solano: I is you participate satisfactorily address the "Social Club" I have the honor to chair the general assembly decided to give to you With a gold medal will be issued by the partner Don José de Caminos the faces that are in your true expression of feelings that have inspired the "Social Club" to vote in their gift this testimony of affection and gratitude for your gracious selflessness and generosity with which penetrated to the tolderías of the Indians of the Pampa for the redemption of Christian captives, leading to plausible results in difficult and dangerous mission entrusted to the Commission's rescue Rosario. This company can not forget so precious services and resolved those feelings credit you with this weak but honorable testimony. Thus manifesting the desires of the "Social Club" of the Rosary, I am pleased to offer you all my consideration. Signed: Federico de la Barra (President). "
This event was played on the front pages of all newspapers in the city of Rosario and the Federal Capital, at that time. We think just playing the article in the first page of the edition of March 14, 1873, the newspaper "El Nacional", the main city of Buenos Aires, which reads verbatim: "COURT OF MERIT - Captain Solano, who was commissioned to rescue the captives of the Department of Rosario, returned yesterday from that city, is where he tells us has received the most cordial hospitality of the Commission for the ransom of captives, and specialty of the circle called "Club Social "composed of the most distinguished and most cultured society del Rosario, whose association he discerned the honor to agree on a gold medal in memory of esteem and gratitude to their very important services. This act inspired as well be imitated on similar occasions by all the Argentine people, who are often oblivious to the true merit. It is an initiative that honors people of Rosario highly and evidence culture and delicate feelings, and doubly sympathetic to the "Social Club", which sent the most ardent and Argentine congratulations, by the act of social justice and morality that just give a noble example to his country. The "Social Club" which is the Rosary so that the "Progress" is to Buenos Aires, opened their classrooms unless the afar (sic) pleasures of the mind, but has a smart thinking and transcendental to generous incentives, and must necessarily in order to influence the progress of the country. The journey follows Captain Solano (sic) to the border, is just full of satisfaction and gratitude. " Such actions were repeated many times during the life of Captain Solano. Thus
succeeded in gaining the consideration and appreciation of these aboriginal leaders, and for that reason, never retreated from the sheets without taking their precious cargo, their main objective, which was to free the captives.
also as an immediate consequence of their valuable task mediator and peacemaker, managed to avoid confrontations and contain countless attacks on people. Activity that was expressly and directly commissioned by the highest authorities. It is therefore very prestigious and academic historians conclude without hesitation that "for nearly twenty years Solano Captain managed to keep peace in their confines (sic)." Wins award two glosses his military file handwritten by Colonel Alvaro Barros, Olavarria founder and first governor of Patagonia, fills it with deserved praise.
They were boys, girls, men and women, mostly the latter, who were also mothers, daughters, sisters and wives torn from the bosom of their homes and their loved ones. As often happens even in our days, and also equals the pain of the victims of captivity and misery of their bereaved families. To perform these tasks
rescue, Rufino Solano played the most valuable thing he owned: his life and he had a worried family waited for his return.
His intervention in San Carlos did not prevent this brave soldier, who shortly after this decisive battle, was again presented itself of the dreaded chief Juan toldería Calfucurá (Blue Stone), his opponent won, nicknamed "The Lord of the pampas and Patagonia, being almost a miracle not to kill him, but not only did not it, but after a few days could retire taking with them dozens of captives to their homes.
This episode is unique and unforgettable, because Calfucurá, feeling die, on the night of July 3, 1873, and seeing Captain Solano vigil at his bed, touched by this gesture, told her to leave immediately, because after her death would be executed along with all the captives. With limited time, so did the captain, and immediately after the death of the chief, left the raid in pursuit of the rescuer and the captive, was heard nearer and nearer the terrifying yells of his pursuers and riding all night, finally managed to save the day after reaching safety. That was how Captain Rufino Solano was the last Christian who was alive in this legendary chief, who, in his last moments of life, was a majestic gesture of greatness and humanity. For this feat, Captain Solano was received with admiration and gratitude in Buenos Aires by Archbishop Aneiros, by the President of the Nation and his entire cabinet as a whole. Aneiros sent Monsignor place in the Archbishop's Palace, a plaque commemorating this unique event.
For this gift he possessed, the War Minister Adolfo Alsina, before a large crowd gathered at the Riviera in December 1875, he said: "Captain Rufino Solano, you in your office is so useful to the country as the best warrior." Is that through peace treaties, managed to avoid imminent attacks on the border of the desert, vast region of our country where there was very weak and that was very unguarded during the war with Paraguay.
During the tenure of Prime Minister Dr. Adolfo Alsina, Captain Rufino Solano became one of his closest aides and was one of the men who enjoyed the confidence of this official. Can be considered that there was a strong friendship between them.
As a mere example, among several existing, is reproduced a letter from the chief Namuncurá Adolfo Alsina. Ministry of War and Navy. Buenos Aires, September 30, 1876. Lord Chief General D. Manuel Namuncurá: In reply to the note you handed to me Captain Solano way to tell the answer to give proof that the Government is cheating when he says he is willing to make treaties with you I suggest the following: Government forces will withdraw from Carhué, Puan, Guaminí, Trenque Lauquen and Italo and occupy a line through the Willow and the Tordillo. Every three months you will receive rationing to finance, on the grass and snuff amount to be agreed. You, your parents, siblings and other capitanejos will receive a salary according to their classes. This is what the government offers them. If you agree I need to know what assurances you give me that his tribe will not invade or invade or Catriel Chileans. Solano Captain must be cleared by you with the answer to this letter before the end of twenty days have reached the awnings you If after receiving this note I would invade or permit others to do so, before Solano is turn, means that what you are looking for is the war with the government and then I'll make you as happy haciéndosela not imagine. Accept what you propose what is best for you. SS Yours Adolfo Alsina. While
was in possession of great courage, the most identified this very particular technical and military was his power of persuasion, not only because it dominated the Araucanian language perfectly, but also because they knew how to stand up and go to the brave and caciques suspicious, further demonstrating loyalty, sincerity and honesty in their dealings; this innate virtue allowed to enjoy the highest prestige and confidence of both sides.
For this exemplary behavior, ended the campaign of General Roca JA, chiefs Solano Rufino asked him to accompany them as interpreter and "overseer" of their requests land to the government. Although inhospitable land could only get the national government were over, "giving." At that time, except for isolated cases such as Rufino Solano, were not many voices were raised in favor of the claims of indigenous people, as happens today. Thus came to look at the very blue, knew with certainty that they could trust this person, who tried to end his days back in 1913. Particularly
believe that the relationship was more than good, and so supports the person of Rufino Solano to terms with the aborigines, and this was specifically because years earlier in his childhood, his father was mayor for almost the entire Blue Roses era.
BENEFIT SHARING YOUR VERY CLOSE TO THE CHURCH: About this maximum figure of the Church in Argentina, Archbishop Federico León Aneiros, as we called the "Father of the Indians," on numerous occasions, Captain Rufino Solana acted as liaison and interpreter with various embassies of indigenous leaders, with whom, this famous ecclesiastical authority of the country, held meetings in mentioned Hotel Hispano Argentino in Buenos Aires and in other occasions at the headquarters of the Archdiocese. On the initiative of this prelate, in 1872, entered designated office by the "Council for the conversion of Indians to Catholicism, with the primary purpose of planning and carrying out evangelistic missions in border areas, where they were settled tribes Cipriano Catriel, Raylef, Coliqueo, and John Melinao Calfucurá (Blue Stone) and later his son, Manuel Namuncurá and father of our Ceferino Namuncura.
also Captain Rufino Solano tried, worked and cleared the way into the mission, delayed nearly fifteen years, the virtuous and venerable Father Jorge María Salvaire, called "The mission of the desert and the Virgin of Luján", thus the Church have a much more frequent contact with the chiefs and fluid. That is evident in expressive correspondence exchanged by Chief Namuncurá and Archbishop Manuel Aneiros, noting that the presence of Captain Chief Solano leading the delegation was to meet the illustrious prelate, among other topics.
was the same Father Jorge María Salvaire who later laid the foundation stone of the Great Basilica of Our Lady of Luján, 15 May 1887, then was his parish priest, and died in the city of Luján 4 February 1899 at 51 years of age. His remains were deposited in the crypt located in the right transept of the Great Basilica at the foot of the image of the Miraculous Medal, beside the main altar, where they lie until today. For its part, the remains of Archbishop Aneiros rest in a mausoleum located in the right wing of the Cathedral of Buenos Aires, in the chapel dedicated to St. Martin of Tours.
Among many are, we transcribe the following letter, in which text is palpably clear that it met the nexus Captain Rufino Solano with the highest authorities of the Argentine clergy: Letter from the Archbishop Caique Federico Manuel Namuncura Aneiro: To His Excellency. Archbishop of Buenos Aires Chapter Valona Dn. Federico Aneiros. Salinas Grandes, 9 Nove.1876. Sir, I take BE opportunity to meet through this and through the Dn. Rufino Solano, this captain to stand up hante the Superior Government, and BE aciéndole present when it was presented to the Rev. Father Dan. Jorge Ma Salvaire treated were you in early for the peace settlement, when the other party has offered the proseguición of war emanating from dislikes Hando disagreement with some Indians, and forces which are consentraron Christians to this part of Territorioque mine and Mr. Reverend Father knows that these fields are the ones I used to do the wintering and to work the Indians in the bolas that I'm haun reconcentrating between the amount of these fields are not used to be my last wintering and always claim the mine field in which today we are at war and killing each other thing that would be better were vacant fields that are occupied by the forces of the Christians and then try to arrange peace. BE as a minister of God, and represents your personality, and as a person of great influence pa. with the Superior Government and the Minister of War to avoid major damage to make all the Christians by the war can meditate with the Superior Government for Indian rights and dejándomelos freely hacepto peace treaties, because of Otherwise Christians lose their farms and families and populations that are passed by flames and all its interests may be lost through the war as the Indians do not have to lose so many interests as Christians because we do not fear that our families that we can remove and nothing to lose treasury stock or other interests and work as Christians have Hester in which peace settlements will be more modified this damage that hurt all Umana. As BE is well known and old in our relationships we expect their influence we heed the Supreme Government in these claims that I do on behalf of all major Casique of the Indians and give a new scheme to the gears of our provisions. If in case the Superior Government accepts the peace treaties, Captain Dan. Rufino Solano is given within thirty days from the date to which this hante me after this term is zero our request to the peace settlement and will always continue the war emanating from the defense of our fields. I highly recommend my nephew Amaro to give you a good education. At the same time I hope to serve BE send twenty thousand dollars that I have asked by the Rev. Father Dan. Jorge Ma Salvaire and my brother Dan. Reumay Alberite five thousand more and pa. my secretary Dn. Bernardo Namuncurá pair of silver stirrups Lane. Which amount will be given to Captain Dan. Rufino Solano. Receive a lot of memories for me and my brother Dan. Alberite Reumay and my secretary Dn. Bernardo Namuncurá and give them the Rev. Father Dan. Jorge M. Salvaire. With no other hope I answered with Captain Dr. Rufino Solano, repeating his affectionate BE server. Manuel Namuncurá. (Archives of the Secretariat of the archdiocese, file: Archbishop Aneiros and conversion of the Indians.) .-
Following is answered by the Archbishop Federico León Manuel Namuncurá Aneiros the Chief, sent through the master Rufino Solano, reads as follows:. Buenos Aires, December 7, 1876. Mr. Chief Manuel Namuncurá: I very much appreciate your kind of Nov. 8, which brought Captain Solano feeling tell me about the war there and its ravages. I must tell you frankly do not approve of the war and that you should make every effort to cut. Persuándanse (sic) that the government should be respected and not oppose him with arms. If e takes possession of any land is to establish order there, and to do good to all of you, do not have to lose, although they see fit, but will gain much, the government can not bring here, to the Plaza de la Victoria, land, but are there and are being improved with good buildings, homes, schools and churches. There may be the missionaries and bring many things. You are wrong to resist with force. The government then has to make use of weapons and no further but misfortune. Believe what you say Mr. Cacique. Let the weapons, not peeled and not have to fight to you, and instead will have many assets. I know there are many bad Christians and they have made to you many injustices and evils. But you are wrong if they do not have good arrangements of losing everything. You believe that I have much influence and I see that even with you I have. If I had influence, and it should be as required by the law of God, things would be otherwise. I have much hope that if no war and that you are very happy. I think they would be following the advice of Religion, I beg you, when at last he delivered with confidence to God and his ministers, giving my willingness to do whatever were possible for you and provide some comfort for all. While things do not walk well, I can not give or seek resources, would be lost viciously. No more I repeat AS & C Federico Aneiros Archbishop of Buenos Aires .-
All this work was made for the benefit of the population of Blue and other emerging locations in the Province of Buenos Aires and even neighboring provinces. Among other significant interventions Captain Rufino Solano, include that of being part of the foundation that gave rise to the modern city of Olavarria and other neighboring towns. Captain Rufino
Solano plausible carried out this work during his more than twenty years military career and even after his retirement until his death in 1913. Currently work in the Legislature of the Province of Buenos Aires, a bill to declare Illustrious Citizen of the province .-
AUTHOR: DR. OMAR HORACIO ALCÁNTARA
1) Geodesy Historical Archives of the Province of Buenos Aires, Plano Party Arroyo Azul, prepared by Sergeant Major Don Juan Cornell, October 1859.
2) AGN, Martina Probate Pabón, File 7398 and Hugo Fernandez de Burzaco in his book entitled: Contributions Biogenealógicos for Census of Population Rio de la Plata, Volume VI, 1991, p. 118.
3) Valle, Antonio G. of, Recalling the Past, Civilization Campaign, p. 217, 1926; Alberto Sarramona, Payment History of Ancient Blue, p. 150, 1997; Udaondo, Enrique, Argentina Biographical Dictionary, p. 1014, 1938; Cutolo, Vicente Osvaldo, Argentina New Biographical Dictionary, p. 145, Volume VII, 1985, Ricardo Piccirilli, Francisco L. Romay and Leoncio Gianello, Argentine Historical Dictionary, p. 509, 1953, Duran, Juan Guillermo, and Zeballos Namuncurá: The file large chiefdom Salinas (1870-1880) - p. 372, 2006.
4) AHPBA, Publications of the Historical Archives of the Province of Buenos Aires, Documents of the Archives, Volume XVII, Documents of the Constitutional Convention of 1824-1827, p. 284.
5) Antonio G. del Valle, Remembering the Past: Campaign for Civilization, 1926, pg. 217.
6) AGN, Sala X-20-10-1 (Blue) Historical and Ethnographic Museum "Enrique Squirru Blue.
7) Díaz, Benito in the thesis presented in 1952 entitled: campaign magistrate of the Province of Buenos Aires (1821-1853). Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Department of History Education Monographs and Thesis. Historical Archive of the Province of Buenos Aires, magistrate of the Blue, 1839.
8) Sarramona, op. above, pp. 85 and following, the magistrate Azul J. Bartholomew Ronco, Magazine "Blue", III, 1930, pp. 93 to 134 .-
9) AHG - dmraid 16 and 49; Banzato, William and Mary Sol Lanteri in the paper entitled "Forging the Frontier. Population and Migration Campaign in Buenos Aires during the Rosas era, "p. 24. Edited by Valentina Ayrolo - Matías Wibaux in: Proceedings Workshop and Discussion, Issues and Debates of the early nineteenth century. Space, Networks and Power. Mar del Plata, 22 and April 23, 2005 .-
10) Ethnographic Museum and Historical Archive of Blue "Enrique Squirru" Historical Archives Section, Location: Dossier 1845, N ° 31 .-
11) Historical Album Illustrated Blue City, edited by Antonio G. Valley, Blue 1932.
12) Ethnographic Museum and Historical Archive "Enrique Squirru" Blue, Bundle of 1848, No. 2, CARTS .-
13) DGYC, Cornell, John, "Report to the Minister of Government in realizes that Don Juan Cornell have played the committee that was responsible for Arroyo Partido Azul " Books in Blue Creek Lot 1832-1880, Department of Geodesy, Historical Advisory, 162 (bis), 1859 and DGYC, "Arroyo Azul Party Plane built by Sergeant Don Juan Cornell. October 1859 ", 1270-29-3.
14) Yaben, R. Jacinto, Argentine and South American Biography, p. 68, Editorial "Metropolis", 1938, Raon, John Mario, desert forts, landmarks of civilization, p. 541, Tall. Gráf. Editorial Lito, 1969, Ras, Norberto, War of cows for more than three centuries of forgotten deeds, p. 307, Editorial Galerna, 2006; Vizoso Gorostiaga, Manuel de, American Historical Dictionary and chronology, P. 79, Editorial Ayacucho, 1947 .-
15) AHPBA, Section Chief Government Clerk File No. 18 150 / 0, folder 266, 1874, File No. 20 182 / 0, Bundle 305, year 1862, File 17539 / 0 , File 253, year 1868, File No. 20 405 / 0, Bundle 310, year 1881, File No. 17 098 / 0, File 244, 1881, and Order No. 18 012 / 0, File 263, 1884.
16) Geodesy Historical Archives of the Province of Buenos Aires, Plano City Olavarria, 1868, Julio H. Cortes, Alberto Valverde, Jose Arenas. Historical Essay Party Olavarria, p. 302, Leonardo Printer 1967 .-.
17) Blue Cathedral, Marriages, Book 2, f. 28.
18) AGN, National Census of Argentina, 1869.
19) Blue Cathedral, Book of Baptisms, Book 2, F, 34.
20) Blue Cathedral, Book of Baptisms, Book 2, F, 425.
21) Blue Cathedral, Book of Marriages, Book 8, F, 10.
22) Blue Cathedral, Book of Baptisms, Book 2, F, 570.
23) Blue Cathedral, Book of Marriages, Book 14, F. 12.
24) Blue Cathedral, Book of Marriages, Book 1, F. 41v.
25) Blue Cathedral, Book of Marriages, Book 1, F. 51V.
26) Blue Cathedral, Book of Marriages, Book 2, F. 28v.
27) AGN CENSUS, NATIONAL DE LA REPUBLICA ARGENTINA, 1869.
28) Cathedral City Blue, Deaths, Volume 21, Folio: 328.
29) Reports of the Ministry of War and Navy, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1881 Edition, Volume II, Appendix A, p. 33.
30) Diario La Vanguardia (Barcelona, \u200b\u200bSpain, November 2, 1882, page 6, Year 2, 506).
31) AGN, the National Historical Museum Catalog, Document No. 6344, folder 43, letter
Rivas Ignacio Martín de Gainza.
32) AGN, the National Historical Museum Catalog, Document 6469, folder 43, letter from Don Martin de Gainza Colonel General Ignacio Rivas.
33) AGN, the National Historical Museum Catalog, Document 6484, folder 43
34) AGN, the National Historical Museum Catalog, Document No. 6502, Bundle 43.
35) Valle, Antonio G. of remembering the past. Campaign for civilization. Pp. 335 to 346, Editorial Placente and Dupuy, Blue, 1926.
36) AGN, the National Historical Museum catalog, document No. 6345, File 43.
37) Duran, Juan Guillermo, In the Shade and Railef Catriel. The missionary work of Father Jorge María Salvaire in Blue and Bragado, from 1874 to 1876. Pp. 346 349, Editorial Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, 2002
38) Enrique Udaondo Meaning of the classification of railway stations in Argentina, p. 107, Talleres Gráficos the Ministry of Public Works, 1942 .-
39) Duran, Juan Guillermo. Border, Indian soldiers and captives from -1780 to 1880. Pp. 485 to 486. Editors Bouquet, Universidad Católica Argentina. Faculty of Theology, 2006.
40) Rosario Historical Society. Magazine story of Rosario. Posted by Rosario Historical Society, City of Rosario, Santa Fe, 1965 .-
41) Military Bundle Captain Rufino Solano, existing in the historical archives of the Argentine Army.
42) newspaper "El Nacional" (Buenos Aires, 14-III-1873), Diario La Prensa (Buenos Aires, 13 - III-1873), Diario La Capital (Rosario, March, 1873 ).
43) Entraigues Raul Armando Braun Menéndez, Ricardo Levene. Historia Argentina Contemporánea 1862 to 1930. p. 327 to 329, National Academy of History. Editorial El Ateneo, 1965.
44) Military Bundle Captain Rufino existing Solano Historical Archives of the Argentine Army.
45) Sarramona, Albert, History of Ancient Blue Pay, pp. 150 et seq, 1997, Valle, Antonio G. of, p. 342, op. above and others.
46) Yunque, Alvaro. Calfucurá. The conquest of the Pampas. Pp. 224/225, Clarity Editorial / Ediciones A. Zamora, Buenos Aires, 1956.
47) Tarnopolski, Samuel. Book Pampas Indians and conquerors of the wilderness. P. 33, American Bibliographic Editorial Expansion, 1958.
48) Faces and Masks, Year XV, No. 732 (1912), Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1912.
49) Sarramona, Albert, History of Ancient Payment Azul. P. 152, Ed Biblos, 1997.
50) Vélez, Francisco Melchor. To posterity: Personality martial of Lieutenant-General Don Julio A. Roca. Editorial Araujo, Buenos Aires, 1938.
51) Sarramona Albert, op. Cited; Entraigues Raul, op. cited.
52) Yunque, Alvaro, Calfucurá: the conquest of the pampas, Page 142, Edic. . Antonio Zamora, 1956.
53) AGN, Sala X-20-10-1 (Blue)
54) Tanzi, Hector Joseph. Aneiros Monsignor, Archbishop of Buenos Aires, and the Church of his time. Pp. 59 to 61, Board of Church History Argentina, Buenos Aires, 2003.
55) Sarramona Alberto, Catriel and Indians Pampas of Buenos Aires. P. 310, Editorial Biblos, 1993 .-
56) Gelly y Obes, Carlos María. Occupation of the Pampas. P. 94, MCBA, Buenos Aires, 1979.
57) Copello, Santiago, op.cit, p. 214, Chapter "Correspondence with the chiefs
58) Copello, Luis Santiago, the Archbishop his work Aneiros Formalities for Indians until the conquest of the desert , p. 151, 1945 and Goldney, Adalberto A. Clifton, El Cacique Namuncurá, Pp. 243 and 244. We also found a photograph of several Aboriginal Solano Rufino, which is in the file "Estanislao S. Zeballos "of the Provincial Museum Complex" Enrique Udaondo. " This registered at Artistic Works Complex with No. 3815 and the Code File 246 7.
59) Copello, op. Cited, Page 153, Book Notes, Secretariat of the archdiocese, 1876, p. 88, and Goldney, Adalberto A. Clifton, El Cacique Namuncurá, p. 245, 1956 .-
60) Official Website of the Honorable Senate of the Province of Buenos Aires: http://www.senado-ba.gov.ar/individual. aspx? type = 1 & id = 1 & IdP = 274
